A Website on Maintenance of Electrical Systems

  A battery is a collection of one or more electrochemical cells that converts chemical energy contained within its active materials directly into electric energy. Many types of batteries are commonly used in modern day applications, and they are named by the elements that make up the electrochemical cell of the battery they include  1) Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) 2) Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) 3) Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) 4) Lead Acid The lead-acid battery was the first rechargeable battery created by Gaston Planté in 1859 it uses  lead and sulphuric acid to function. The lead is submerged into the sulphuric acid and controlled chemical reaction creates voltage potential. Components of an Electrochemical cell Anode: Oxidation occurs at the anode Cathode: Reduction occurs at the cathode. Electrodes: In order to hook up an external circuit you need have something to physically connect the wire to. There are two types of electrodes, active and inert. An  Inert electrod...

In this article, we'll explore different types of enclosure ratings critical for electrical equipment, especially in demanding environments. We'll specifically delve into: Hazardous Area Classification: Defining areas where explosive atmospheres may exist. Explosion-Proof (Ex) Ratings: Indicating equipment designed for use in these hazardous areas. Ingress Protection (IP) Ratings: Specifying environmental protection against solids and liquids. From my experience in the industry, I've noticed a common misunderstanding: some individuals mistakenly believe that Ingress Protection (IP) ratings are a form of hazardous area classification, or that equipment rated for hazardous areas is automatically "explosion-proof." This is incorrect, and clarifying these distinctions is crucial for safety and compliance.  My understanding is that they are not interchangeable, and we are going to delve deep into each of them. Before we begin take a look at the image below to give y...

Engineers must take into account a number of variables, including current carrying capacity, voltage rating, short-circuit rating, and environmental concerns to select the best cable for electrical systems to be reliable and efficient for a particular application. Voltage drop calculations and proper electrical wire sizing are essential because undersized cables increase the risk cable overheating, melting and even causing fires. On the other hand, an oversized cable can needlessly eat into the budget causing cost inefficiencies and potentially interfere with circuit operation by adding unnecessary inductance and capacitance. PROBLEM STATEMENT An NPK plant is under construction within the industrial complex, during this construction a temporary fabrication workshop was erected nearby. The Workshop would contain cutting machines, welding machine and other hand tools for cutting and grinding. Considering the power requirements of the temporary fabrication workshop, we are to carry out...